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1、论文题目:要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。
2、目录:目录是论文中主要段落的简表。(短篇论文不必列目录)
3、提要:是文章主要内容的摘录,要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字,多不超过三百字为宜。
4、关键词或主题词:关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的,是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语,便于信息系统汇集,以供读者检索。每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词,另起一行,排在“提要”的左下方。
主题词是经过规范化的词,在确定主题词时,要对论文进行主题,依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。
5、论文正文:
(1)引言:引言又称前言、序言和导言,用在论文的开头。引言一般要概括地写出作者意图,说明选题的目的和意义,
并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。
〈2)论文正文:正文是论文的主体,正文应包括论点、论据、论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容:
a.提出-论点;
b.分析问题-论据和论证;
c.解决问题-论证与步骤;
d.结论。
论文提纲也可以用最简单的格式和分类,简单明了地说明论文的目的、依据和意义,甚至是两句话。这种提纲往往是用于科学论文,而且在对于各种概念有相互联系而不是孤立的出来讨论的情况下。如果总要分出1、2、3......点来写的话,往往会变成“八股文”的模式,这样的论文往往是应付式的论文,其真正的科学价值会大打折扣。
那要看你学校查什么语种的论文了哦。如果你是日语专业,有的学校查学生日文的论文。不查中文的。还有的查重系统是可以支持各种小语种的论文查重的。
Summary
my country's manufacturing industry is the main force in my country's exports. A large number of exports and relatively low imports have created my country's trade surplus. In the past, my country's manufacturing industry had low raw material costs, sufficient human resources, and low labor costs, which attracted a large amount of capital to invest in the country; it played a major role in economic growth. With the rapid development of my country's economy; inflation, RMB appreciation, and rising prices and land costs have caused the cost of my country's manufacturing industry to rise rapidly, and the low-cost advantage of my country's manufacturing industry has gradually weakened.
In contrast, the relatively poorly developed countries in Southeast Asia have increased their attraction to foreign investment and accelerated the development of their manufacturing industries with their low costs; they are following China's "old path." On the other hand, after the 2008 financial crisis, developed countries recognized the importance of the real economy for maintaining the stability of the developed countries' economies and introduced a "reindustrialization" strategy; especially in the high-end manufacturing sector, a large number of industries returned.
However, because my country's manufacturing industry has long been at the bottom of the value chain of the international division of labor; it is mainly based on basic industries such as processing and reprocessing, and its investment in high-end intelligent manufacturing is minimal. Therefore, our country is facing a situation where low-end industries are gradually being eroded by Southeast Asian countries, and high-end industries cannot compete with developed countries.
This article studies the current situation of my country's manufacturing industry and points out the difficulties encountered by my country's manufacturing industry and its deep-seated reasons; combined with the industrialization development experience of developed countries and my country's actual national conditions, the development trend of my country's manufacturing industry is demonstrated.
The first chapter is the introduction. Introduce the topic background and significance, research object and purpose, research methods and ideas, and literature review of this article to study the development trend of manufacturing industry.
The second chapter focuses on analyzing the current situation of my country's manufacturing industry. Starting from the international competitiveness of my country's manufacturing industry, it analyzes the current difficulties encountered by my country's manufacturing industry, and analyzes the overall level of my country's manufacturing industry in the development process in combination with the world's division of labor value chain.
The third chapter discusses the experience of industrial development in developed countries, especially the development experience of German Industry 4.0, to demonstrate the development of my country's manufacturing industry.
The fourth chapter is a summary of the full text, summarizing the development direction and precautions of my country's manufacturing industry.
Keywords: manufacturing, transformation, division of labor, value chain, development trend
如果不免费的话,我看到了 翻译狗 是个网站。我注册的时候送了积分。救了个急。以后就不知道了。。。说起付费,准确率翻译最高的要属北京译顶科技了,建议去。
人工翻译,不信你去百度,绝对不是这么翻译滴,看你100分我才出手的
In recent years, the rapid growth of motor vehicles in Shenzhen, traffic congestion, traffic pollution is becoming more and more serious. As of December 20, 2014, Shenzhen vehicle fleet of more than3140000 units, nearly 5 years the average annual growth rate of about 16%, per kilometre of roadvehicles about 500 vehicles, the density of the country's first. Among them, in 2013, about 370000 new units, the growth rate reached 16.5%; in 2014 added about 550000 vehicles, the growth rate of20.9%. Along with the sustained and rapid growth of motor vehicles, traffic congestion timeincreasing, the traffic congestion areas continue to expand. In December last year, the original SARexpressway, trunk road average flow rate of 165000 a day, morning and evening peak flow of 19200 vehicles per day of 4 hours, accounting for 11.66% of daily flow. Since the outer limit orderissued, the original SAR of 186000 a day, morning and evening peak flow of 24000 vehicles per day, accounting for 12.90% the proportion of commuter traffic flow, the peak of the rush hour traffichas increased, increased efficiency, in this context, the 2015 provisions of the limit line to ShenzhenShenzhen car restriction rules promulgated. According to the Shenzhen municipal foreign car limit line, the field plate shall be in accordance with the provisions of the car route during the morning and evening peak and area of travel. The Shenzhen foreign cars limit line for the latest news,February 1st, the morning rush to work (7:00~9:00), (17:30~19:30) during the evening peak, all the way in Shenzhen, Luohu District, Futian District, Yantian District, Nanshan District 4 administrativeregion, small, mini passenger cars in Shenzhen issued a motor vehicle license plate shall be run according to the the provisions of the route and area. 2015 Shenzhen restrictions on Shenzhen foreign cars limit line sections and the time limit prescribed above, large and medium-sized passenger car is not restricted, the truck into the Shenzhen city roads should apply for permits in accordance with the provisions of. The notice of violation of the provisions of the vehicle driversfined 300 yuan, a penalty of 3 points. 2015 Shenzhen limit line since February 1st, systemmonitoring to deep plate of passenger cars in Shenzhen limit line road, time limit line driving record,the first second times, not punishment, since third time the punishment according to law. Shenzhenimported vehicle limit line for the latest news, please pay attention to the Shenzhen traffic police bureau. The vehicle is the most important security, suggested by Zhongmin insurance network forquality insurance and accident insurance products.
只有查重过后才能知道多少啊 ↓
翻译中文文献的不会检测出来的。知网查重具体是是多少,要看你的论文了。可以在正式检测之前到淘宝自己检测一下,不过淘宝一般都比知网要高!!毕竟都为了赚钱。。。